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email: silviobuzzi@racine.ra.it

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"Mentre un cliclo di chemio costa diverse centinaia di Euro, un trattamento con il CRM197 non costerebbe quasi niente, forse per questo è poco appetibile per le cause farmaceutiche. Senza contare che mentre la chemio distrugge anche le cellule sane, il CRM197 si basa sulla stimolazione del sistema immunitario."

(Anna Maria Buzzi)

Mi Fa Male Il Mondo

"Ma mi fa più male che il cancro sia il più grosso affare economico del secolo..." (Giorgio Gaber)

Archive for the ‘Documentazione’ Category

CRM197 contro il neuroblastoma

posted by admin
giovedì, settembre 17, 2015

Il neuroblastoma è un tumore del sistema nervoso centrale ad alto grado di malignità che colpisce prevalentemente l’età infantile. Il neuroblastoma si divide in quattro tipi principali, a grado di malignità crescente; considerati tutti insieme (quindi non facendo riferimento solo al tipo più aggressivo) hanno una mortalità del 50% a 5 anni. Questo vuol dire che un bambino su due, colpito da neuroblastoma, non sarà vivo dopo 5 anni.
Nel 2004 Silvio Buzzi pubblicò “Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy”, insieme ad un team di collaboratori, il caso clinico di un lattante di 5 mesi colpito da neuroblastoma midollare e trattato nel 2000 con CRM197: i dati dimostravano che la massa tumorale si era ridotta del 50% dopo 3 mesi di trattamenti ed era completamente scomparsa a 12 mesi.
Oggi il lattante di allora è un adolescente in buona salute e frequenta il liceo.
Nell’agosto di quest’anno il team del Prof. Shingo Miyamoto (Dipartimento di Ostetricia e Ginecologia – Università di Fukuoka, Dipartimento di Biochimica – Università di Fukuoka, Central Research Institute for Advanced Molecular Medicine – Fukuoka, Department of Pediatric Surgery –Fukuoka) ha pubblicato Anticancer Research uno studio che conferma i risultati ottenuti da Silvio Buzzi 15 anni fa. Peraltro l’eclatante risultato si riferisce ad uno studio preclinico (cioè su linee cellulari in provetta).
Spiace doversi chiedere quanti bambini avrebbero potuto negli anni successivi beneficiare di questa cura se gli studi del Dr.Buzzi non fossero stati ignorati fino ad oggi.

Di seguito è possibile scaricare i due studi in pdf.

Abstract del Prof. Shingo Miyamoto >>>

Abstract del Prof. Silvio Buzzi >>>

CRM197 contro il neuroblastoma

posted by admin
giovedì, settembre 17, 2015

Il neuroblastoma è un tumore del sistema nervoso centrale ad alto grado di malignità che colpisce prevalentemente l’età infantile. Il neuroblastoma si divide in quattro tipi principali, a grado di malignità crescente; considerati tutti insieme (quindi non facendo riferimento solo al tipo più aggressivo) hanno una mortalità del 50% a 5 anni. Questo vuol dire che un bambino su due, colpito da neuroblastoma, non sarà vivo dopo 5 anni.
Nel 2004 Silvio Buzzi pubblicò “Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy”, insieme ad un team di collaboratori, il caso clinico di un lattante di 5 mesi colpito da neuroblastoma midollare e trattato nel 2000 con CRM197: i dati dimostravano che la massa tumorale si era ridotta del 50% dopo 3 mesi di trattamenti ed era completamente scomparsa a 12 mesi.
Oggi il lattante di allora è un adolescente in buona salute e frequenta il liceo.
Nell’agosto di quest’anno il team del Prof. Shingo Miyamoto (Dipartimento di Ostetricia e Ginecologia – Università di Fukuoka, Dipartimento di Biochimica – Università di Fukuoka, Central Research Institute for Advanced Molecular Medicine – Fukuoka, Department of Pediatric Surgery –Fukuoka) ha pubblicato Anticancer Research uno studio che conferma i risultati ottenuti da Silvio Buzzi 15 anni fa. Peraltro l’eclatante risultato si riferisce ad uno studio preclinico (cioè su linee cellulari in provetta).
Spiace doversi chiedere quanti bambini avrebbero potuto negli anni successivi beneficiare di questa cura se gli studi del Dr.Buzzi non fossero stati ignorati fino ad oggi.

Di seguito è possibile scaricare i due studi in pdf.

Abstract del Prof. Shingo Miyamoto >>>

Abstract del Prof. Silvio Buzzi >>>

Ravenna: l’interrogazione al consiglio di Gianguido Bazzoni

posted by admin
mercoledì, agosto 18, 2010

Intervista al consigliere regionale Gianguido Bazzoni esponente del PDL, che ha presentato un’interrogazione al consiglio chiedendo ‘il giusto riconoscimento a un ravennate (il dottor. Silvio Buzzi) che per 40 anni ha studiato per combattere il cancro’.

(Fonte: Ravenna Web Tv)

INTERPELLANZA 2/00238

posted by admin
giovedì, ottobre 11, 2007

ATTO CAMERA

INTERPELLANZA 2/00238

Dati di presentazione dell’atto

Legislatura: 15
Seduta di annuncio: 72 del 15/11/2006

Firmatari

Primo firmatario: BRUSCO FRANCESCO
Gruppo: FORZA ITALIA
Data firma: 15/11/2006

Destinatari

Ministero destinatario:

  • MINISTERO DELLA SALUTE

Attuale delegato a rispondere: MINISTERO DELLA SALUTE delegato in data 15/11/2006

Stato iter:

IN CORSO

Atto Camera

Interpellanza 2-00238
presentata da
FRANCESCO BRUSCO
mercoledì 15 novembre 2006 nella seduta n.072

Il sottoscritto chiede di interpellare il Ministro della salute, per sapere – premesso che:

da recenti notizie di stampa, tra le quali l’ultima è risalente al 5 febbraio 2006 sul quotidiano il Giornale (articolo intitolato «La mia tossina anti-cancro»), si apprende che una particolare proteina, la CRM 197, indurrebbe il sistema immunitario a bloccare l’avanzata del tumore e a volte a farlo regredire: lo scopritore è il dottor Buzzi Silvio di Ravenna, che studia la proteina da circa trent’anni;

gli studi del dottor Buzzi, sono stati pubblicati su prestigiose riviste specialistiche tra le quali Cancer Research (la rivista ufficiale dell’American Association for Cancer Research che raduna i massimi oncologi del mondo e che ha cooptato lo studioso italiano fra i suoi membri attivi), su Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy e sulla britannica The Lancet, che è dal 1823 la massima espressione scientifica dei clinici;

la proteina CRM 197 viene utilizzata nel nostro paese già da molti anni nei vaccini destinati ai bambini, come per esempio il vaccino antimeningococcico, e pertanto non è tossica o pericolosa per la salute;

la sostanza, iniettata al paziente neoplastico, risulterebbe efficace in tutti quei casi in cui le attuali terapie contro il cancro non sortiscono effetto se non quello di prolungare di qualche settimana la sofferenza dei pazienti;

tuttavia sembrerebbe che la proteina in oggetto sia di difficile reperibilità, e che venga consegnata al medico con difficoltà dalla sola filiale di Siena della Chiron spa -:

se il Ministro interrogato non intenda verificare la veridicità di quanto esposto in premessa, avviando in caso positivo la sperimentazione e la successiva utilizzazione del prodotto.

(2-00238) «Brusco».

Classificazione TESEO:

CONCETTUALE:

SPERIMENTAZIONE CLINICA, STUDI E RICERCHE, TUMORI


Metodo CRM 197
ORDINE  DEL  GIORNO
Il Consiglio Regionale della Campania,
Premesso che:
da recenti notizie di stampa, tra le quali l’ultima risalente al 19 aprile 2006, si apprende che una particolare proteina, la CRM 197, indurrebbe il sistema immunitario a bloccare l’avanzata del tumore e a volte a farlo regredire;
in particolare si legge  che un cittadino napoletano, il signor Gabriele Migliaccio nel tentativo disperato di aiutare la mamma ammalata di tumore,  sta in questi giorni facendo appello, con tutti i mezzi a sua disposizione,  al Ministero della Salute affinché si continui la produzione della tossina anti-cancro, CRM 197, che, nonostante gli ottimi risultati ottenuti, non viene più prodotta.
lo scopritore è il dottor Buzzi Silvio di Ravenna, che studia la proteina da circa trent’anni;
gli studi del dottor Buzzi sono stati pubblicati su prestigiose riviste specialistiche tra cui Cancer Research, la rivista ufficiale dell’American association for cancer research che raduna i massimi oncologi del mondo e che ha cooptato lo studioso italiano fra i suoi membri attivi, su Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy e sul britannico The Lancet, che è dal 1823 la massima espressione scientifica dei clinici;
la sostanza iniettata al paziente neoplastico riuscirebbe dove le attuali terapie contro il cancro non hanno sortito effetti se non quello di prolungare di qualche settimana la sofferenza dei pazienti;
Considerato che:
il  lotto gratuito di CRM 197, un derivato della tossina difterica in grado in molti casi di bloccare l’avanzata del tumore e a volte di farlo scomparire, è finito nel 2003 e il dottor Silvio Buzzi, suo scopritore e sperimentatore,  proprio non saprebbe come e dove procurarsene dell’altro;
il preparato è assolutamente privo di tossicità. Pare, infatti,  che non occorre privare i pazienti delle cure convenzionali (chirurgia, chemioterapia, radioterapia). Basta solo una puntura. In aggiunta. Zero rischi.
la proteina CRM 197 viene utilizzata nel nostro paese da molti anni come un vettore coniugante oligosaccaride per i vaccini destinati ai bambini, come per esempio il vaccino antimeningococcico, e quindi, non è tossica o pericolosa per la salute, per cui parrebbe possibile accorciare o scavalcare la fase di sperimentazione;
Impegna
il Presidente e la Giunta Regionale della Campania
intervenire presso il Ministero della Salute affinché si riprenda la produzione di tale farmaco nella Chiron vaccines di Siena, unico stabilimento dove è stata fino ad ora prodotta;
di promuovere qualsiasi iniziativa  tesa  a incentivare la ricerca e la sperimentazione affinché non si perda nessuna scoperta nel  tentativo di dare un’ulteriore speranza a tutti i malati di cancro.

English Version

posted by admin
mercoledì, agosto 1, 2007

A promising therapeutic agent

The CRM197 (Cross-reacting material 197) pertains to a group of mutant diphtheria toxins obtained in the early 1970s from strain of Corynebacterium diphtheriae lysogenized with β-phages carrying a mutated tox gene.

[Uchida T, Pappenheimer AM Jr, Greany R (1973). Diphtheria toxin and related proteins. I. Isolation and properties of mutant proteins serologically related to diphtheria toxin. J Biol Chem 248: 3838-3844]

It is completely non-toxic, shares the strong immunogenicity of the native molecule and has a unique ability to link heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), the specific cell membrane receptor for diphtheria toxin (DT).

The CRM197 receptor is HB-EGF, a member of the EGF receptor. HB-EGF is overexpressed in the uterus during blastocyst implantation, in would healing, in many tumors and in cells of the atherosclerotic plaque.

[Raab G, Klagsbrun M: Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1333, 179-199 (1997)]

The CRM197 has an activity to inhibit the binding of HB-EGF to EGF receptor by binding to an EGF-like domain in soluble and non-soluble (membrane-anchored) HB-EGF. A receptor binding domain in diphtheria toxin is involved in this binding.

The CRM197 is currently used as a carrier for infantile vaccines (see, in particular, Bartolozzi G, Rappuoli R.. I vaccini, UTET, 2001. pp 114, 164)

The CRM197 showed a significant anticancer activity in humans.

[Buzzi S, Rubboli D, Buzzi G, et al,: CRM197(non toxic diphtheria toxin):effects on advanced cancer patients Cancer Immunol. Immunother. (2004) 53-1041-1048 ]

Buzzi S, Rubboli D, Buzzi G. et al,: CRM197 and cancer: effects of intratumoral administration Therapy (2004) 1(1), 61-66

Miyamoto S, et al., Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor is a promising target for ovarian cancer therapy. Cancer Research, 2004, 64(16) 5720-5727]

The CRM197 showed to be a promising agent therapy for the reduction of atherosclerotic plaques.

[Buzzi S, Buzzi G, Buzzi A, et al., CRM197: reduction of atherosclerotic stenoses in carotids of three elderly patients. Therapy (2007) 4(3), 293-298]

Dr. Buzzi has registered an international patent for therapeutic use on plaques atherosclerotic.

Our aim is to promote the application of CRM197 in the clinical field, considering the important and promising results obtained by Dr. Silvio Buzzi.

Bibliography and Scientific Publications click here

Silvio Buzzi MD, Giorgio Buzzi MD, Anna Maria Buzzi MD,

Tris Medical Center, via G. Felisatti 49, 48100 Ravenna, Italy

Tel: +39 0544 31806  e-mail:  silviobuzzi@racine.ra.it    gbuzzi@linknet.it

Author: President, Associazione Scelta di Cura ONLUS

Mr. Giovanni  Rossi

My  Toxin  can  kill  cancer …

Text by Edoardo Rosati.

Translation by Alison Raco and Daniele Calisesi.

It often happens that it is the people in the country that you are born that prove deaf to your voice.

In fact, there is much truth in the old saying, “Nemo est propheta in patria”. Dr Silvio Buzzi is an unheeded prophet, both in the laboratory and in life. This is the story of someone who for 30 years, both as a scientist and as a man, has pursued a bold and powerful idea. It is an almost heretical idea for many within the great scientific community: to unleash against cancer the diphtheria toxin.

But “heresy” means “making one’s own choice”. Buzzi chose not to let himself be conditioned by conventional thinking. The thousand tales of desperate people who have turned up in Buzzi’s surgery, either by chance or through word-of-mouth, appear to prove him right and these tales are reinforced by the attention he has received from highly authoritative scientific journals in North America. It really does seem that the alien invader, the cancerous mass, has a low tolerance for the poison produced by the diphtheria bacterium. What was it that inspired this doctor from Ravenna to use a biological poison to contain the growth of tumours? “There was a phenomenon that always used to amaze me”, relates the 76 year old Dr Buzzi: “the hopeless cases, patients the doctors had given up on who inexplicably recovered after operations where nothing was done but cut open and sewn up again”.

Silvio Buzzi remembers his early years in Bologna, just freshly graduated and working in a Ravenna clinic, a converted block of flats. “Here, the Big Boss used to say to me, in relation to those strange (if temporary) recoveries of cancer patients: “Who knows …maybe the ‘breath of fresh air’ received by the viscera when the abdomen was opened up harmed the tumour in some mysterious way …”. Buzzi, however, never uses the expression “in some mysterious way”. “It’s true that there were only a few dozen of these peculiar cases reported in medical and scientific literature worldwide. But I really felt it was absolutely necessary for someone to make an effort to decipher them”. By now you know who that someone was.

A flash of insight came one morning: “I was in the operating theatre. People were getting ready to operate. The talcum powder, sprinkled in the rubber gloves to make them slide on, wafted in the air, forming a fine, visible haze under the glare of the lights. For a few minutes, the air around us was polluted. The tiny particles of talcum powder had contaminated it. And I had noticed it …”. The suspicion then arose that some micro-organism could pollute the operating room, could silently infect the surgical incisions.

In so doing, it could trigger an unforeseeable, hidden and positive immune response in the patient’s body … But the question was: could the regression of reliably-diagnosed cancerous masses derive from an accidental, unrecognised infection? This is the query that has animated Silvio Buzzi’s entire life.

While searching for the phantom, healing “germ”, he directed his attention one day to diphtheria. “It’s a serious, infectious disease, caused by the action of a toxin produced by a bacterium that is transmitted aerobically”, explains Buzzi. It is a powerful, toxic substance but one capable of evoking a huge response from the immune cells.

In fact, when someone is fighting diphtheria, there is an enormous increase in the number of white blood cells. Well, thought Buzzi, if that toxin is appropriately weakened, couldn’t it lead the body defence army against the anarchic cells of the enemy cancer?

These were questions never far from Buzzi’s thoughts over the years, even though his chosen career was that of a neurologist and psychiatrist.

However, from 1971, using whatever spare time life in his small province allowed him, in the narrow confines of the attic of his home converted into an animal laboratory and supported by the determination of his biologist wife, Luciana, he began a huge project using rats (and rabbits), injecting them with micro-doses of  the diphtheria toxin. Tests, checks, analyses, confirmations … and  something happened: the growth of solid tumours in the rodents treated with the poison was consistently blocked. It was an achievement that ended up in the (1973) Cancer Research journal. “From the halls of international medicine, we received only displays of curiosity”, recalls Buzzi. “There were no requests for closer collaboration. From Italian oncologists? An embarrassing silence. Our idea was too far removed from the preferred lines of research.”

His suspicions changed to certainty in the years to come when Doctor Silvio’s  determined research became more refined. Now it involved the living reality of his patients. “I subsequently worked with a mutated diphtheria toxin, the CRM197. A “false” poison, which is a totally non-toxic substance but one just as capable of generating a robust immune response and linking to a specific target covering the surface of the tumour cells”.

What did Dr Buzzi find? “We gave the protein subcutaneously to a group of patients with advanced tumours and we then treated a number of other patients by injecting the toxin directly into the cancerous mass. Despite the poor general condition of most of the people involved, CRM197 had a very promising anti-cancer effect. Direct inoculation, on the other hand, clarified what phenomena were triggered off by the toxin in the malignant lesion: a massive influx of leucocytes and white blood cells. These are generators of enzymes and free radicals that end up damaging the cancerous cells”.

All this is documented: all the results were published (2004) in the journals Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy and Therapy. It’s the final chapter in the exhausting adventure story of Buzzi’s endeavours. Or is it? Like all “prophets” unheeded in their country of origin, Buzzi and his staff were noted on the Internet by a team of Japanese scientists from three distinguished universities and have now been invited to participate in an extremely rigorous human study. “They have told me that they already have the ministerial funding. But we’ll now step aside”, declares the doctor with ironic bitterness: “we’ll hand over to our Japanese colleagues all our work in relation to the diphtheria toxin and CRM197 but we won’t be participating actively in the tests. A gift for foreigners … the price to pay in order to see my idea fully developed”.

Besides, the Buzzi family is tired: Silvio, Luciana, their children Annamaria, Giorgio and Silvia (children who have contributed to their father’s research: the first two as doctors and Silvia as a mathematical expert) have worked surrounded by general indifference (and light years away from the operations of university fiefdoms) to the point of physical and mental exhaustion.

We asked Buzzi: “What are you expecting from your work?” “I’m not looking for any limelight in television studios. That’s not where science is carried out. I embraced an idea. It is a possible further line of research in the daily battle against cancer. It was an intuition that, despite the material and economic limitations with which it has been developed, still generated some good: the official American journals that have welcomed my work  but above all, the people who were given an inauspicious diagnosis who are still here to smile at me, 10-15 years after a medical sentence against which no appeal seemed possible”.

Buzzi does not caustically denounce academic plots and boycotts. He speaks with the gentlemanly detachment of a person who has long experienced the arduous task of living. Asked how many patients have you treated with “your” toxin, doctor, Buzzi answers, “Well, it’s not really “mine”. Do you want to know something? The Japanese were stunned to learn that none of us had ever thought about a patent. Instead, we published a detailed account of this new type of therapy which ultimately ended up preventing anyone from claiming ownership of the treatment!”

“How many patients?” “More than a thousand. But don’t ask me, for God’s sake, for survival rates and suchlike. I know perfectly well that my cases do not constitute a binding proof.

The trouble is that experimental studies that allow one to evaluate the efficacy of a specific treatment in a particular population cost money. The Japanese have not had to work as hard as us but at least they have the means available to fully weigh up our therapeutic plan”. Buzzi feels he has reached the end of his personal scientific road. He adds: “I’ll continue to follow the progress of those few cases I still have in my care but my supplies of CRM197 (that the Italian branch of the famous Californian company, Chiron, donated to me) have now almost run out. And I’m not planning on buying up any more. At this point, I want to wait for a clear result from the Japanese tests”.

Two things have recently alleviated Dr Buzzi’s discontent (once again coming from abroad, as destiny would have it …): the decision taken by the American Association for Cancer Research to welcome him as one of their more active and authoritative members. Then there is the emotional email from an American housewife, Annette, in which she confirmed with her moving testimony Dr Silvio’s “crazy idea”. Her husband, Dave’s liver, lungs and tibia were riddled with metastases, stubbornly resistant to all chemotherapy treatment. He was doomed. And, as if this wasn’t enough, two months earlier the man had contracted an unidentified infection that had forced him to be admitted to hospital. Then, the “miracle” happened.  Over time, the cancerous lesions, to the general amazement of the oncologists, melted away. In the laboratory report that had analysed his blood sample they discovered what the infection was, one word stood out: diphtheria.

CRM197 a new immunotherapy for cancer

Many years ago, diphtheria toxin (DT) showed antitumor activity in mice and in humans, but it was unclear whether this depended on the toxicity of the molecule only or on its strong inflammatory-immunological property as well. (Buzzi S., Cancer Res. 1982 May;42(5):2054-8). The same researchers, to deal with this open question, planned to treat a group of cancer patients with cross-reacting material 197 (CRM197).

CRM197 is a nontoxic mutant of DT that shares the immunological properties of the native molecule and its ability to bind to heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), the specific cell-membrane receptor for DT that is often overexpressed in cancer. 25 patients with various advanced tumors who were refractory to standard therapies (23 subjects) or had refused, in whole or in part, conventional therapies (2 subjects) were treated with CRM197 injected subcutaneously in the abdominal wall, on alternate days, for 6 days. Three different dosages (1.7, 2.6, or 3.5 mg/day) were used according to the patient’s degree of immunological reactivity to DT/CRM197 (none, moderate, or high).After the first administration of CRM197, a significant increase in the number of circulating neutrophils and in the serum level of TNF-alpha was detected. Toxicities were minimal. Only patients with delayed-type hypersensitivity to DT/CRM197 had irritating skin reactions in the injection sites and a flu-like syndrome with fever. Pharmacokinetics showed a mean peak concentration (12.7 ng/ml) 12 h after the first injection and a mean half-life of 18.1 h. There were two complete and one partial responses (metastatic breast carcinoma, neuroblastoma, and metastatic breast carcinoma) lasting 4, 45+, and 15 months, respectively. Six cases of stable disease, lasting from 1 to 15 months, were also recorded. CRM197 injected subcutaneously elicited an inflammatory-immunological reaction, caused tolerable toxicities, was absorbed to a good extent into the circulatory system, and exerted some degree of biological antitumor activity. A possible role of neutrophils and TNF-alpha in the mode of action of the molecule has been hypothesized, but not yet confirmed. This interesting molecule is currently under investigation in a phase II clinical trial held in Japan by Prof. Mekada and collaborators. Results are expected impatiently in less than a year. The rational under the antitumor activity of this molecule is still to be fully elucidated. Anyway, it seems to hold the noteworthy property of reawaken the host immune system, often dormant or inefficient in cancer patients. An excerpt from Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2004 Nov;53(11):1041-8.

http://www.cancerevolution.info/